Some groups and taxing units contend that $5 billion in property taxes are unassessed because of an alleged “loophole” in state law, often called “equal and uniform.” In this brief, we analyze the validity—or invalidity—of this claim and examine exactly what “equal and uniform” is.

Property is appraised for ad valorem taxation according to its market value in an equal and uniform manner. Appraisal districts perform appraisals of all taxable property so that a single value is established every year.

The valuation of all “big-box” stores nationwide has been controversial for the last few years. Courts and legislatures have struggled with how to value these properties. TTARA describes the issues and existing Texas law.

All real and tangible property in Texas is subject to local taxation based on value, unless the Texas Constitution provides for a total or partial exemption.  

The franchise tax has been levied in Texas for over 100 years and has existed in a variety of forms, from a capital stock tax, to a tax on net earnings, to its current form as a tax on margin.